宫颈癌患者中VEGF、OLFM4、miR-124表达水平及联合对复发预测价值分析

目的 分析嗅觉介导素4（olfactomedin,OLFM4）、血管内皮生长因子（vascular epithelial growth factor,VEGF）、微小RNA-124（microRNA-124,miR-124）检测在宫颈癌（cervical cancer,CC）、宫颈癌前病变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN）中的表达情况及临床意义。 方法 选取于我院行手术治疗的82例CC标本为CC组,同期82例CIN标本为CIN组,82例正常宫颈组织标本为正常组,比较3组以及CC组不同病理参数患者组织标本中VEGF、OLFM4、miR-124表达情况,以Spearman相关性分析探讨组织各指标表达与CC组病理参数的关系,并观察不同预后（复发情况）CC患者组织标本中各指标表达,并分析复发预测价值。 结果 CC组VEGF、OLFM4阳性表达率均高于CIN组、正常组,miR-124表达水平均低于CIN组、正常组（P＜0.05）;不同分期、分化程度、复发情况VEGF、OLFM4、miR-124表达阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;VEGF、OLFM4、miR-124对复发的预测AUC分别为0.820、0.895、0.852,联合预测AUC为0.945,明显高于单一预测AUC。 结论 CC患者癌组织中VEGF、OLFM4阳性率明显升高,miR-124表达水平降低,各指标表达情况与CC生物学行为相关,可有效评估肿瘤增殖、侵袭,预测术后复发。     

调控miR-181d-5p表达对宫颈癌细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭的影响

目的 探究miR-181d-5p对宫颈癌细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭影响及对细胞硫酰化限速酶（sulfation rate-limiting enzyme,PAPSS2）/蛋白聚糖（proteoglycans,VCAN）信号通路的影响。 方法 细胞学实验：人宫颈癌细胞Hela细胞分为对照组、NC组和miR-181d-5p组,MTT、流式细胞技术及Transwell实验分别检测各组细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭能力,Western blot检测各组PAPSS2和VCAN蛋白表达水平。裸鼠荷瘤实验：20只SPF级裸鼠随机分为对照组（n=10）和miR-181d-5p组（n=10）,分别接种野生型细胞和转染miR-181d-5p细胞,模型建立后每3 d测量1次小鼠肿瘤体积,连续测量21 d,于实验终点测量肿瘤质量和体积。 结果 细胞学实验表明：与对照组和NC组比较,miR-181d-5p组细胞增殖能力显著降低、细胞凋亡比例显著增加、细胞侵袭能力显著降低、PAPSS2,VCAN表达水平显著下调（P＜0.05）,NC组与对照组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。裸鼠荷瘤实验表明：miR-181d-5p组小鼠肿瘤生长受到显著抑制,肿瘤质量显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。 结论 miR-181d-5p可以抑制人宫颈癌细胞的增殖和侵袭能力,促进细胞凋亡,其机制可能与PAPSS2/VCAN信号通路活性的抑制相关。     

CT联合血清CA125在外突性肌瘤与卵巢性索间质肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值

目的：　探讨多排螺旋CT（multi-slice spiral CT,MSCT）联合血清CA125在外突性肌瘤与卵巢性索间质肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值。方法：　回顾性分析经病理证实的外突性肌瘤（A组）63例、卵巢性索间质肿瘤（B组）51例,CT图像分别观察2组肿瘤供血动脉、卵巢静脉与肿瘤的关系、肿瘤强化特点、有无腹水,作出CT诊断;再结合血清CA125结果作出最终诊断,以病理结果为金标准,比较2组肿瘤中2种方法的诊断准确率。结果：　A组,肿瘤由子宫动脉子宫支伴或不伴卵巢动脉供血;追踪卵巢静脉多数可见正常卵巢组织;肿瘤强化明显,可见“漩涡征”;血清CA125多为正常,不易合并腹水;B组,肿瘤主要由卵巢动脉伴或不伴子宫动脉卵巢支供血;可见卵巢血管蒂征（ovarian vascular sign,OVPS）,追踪卵巢静脉不能显示完整卵巢组织;增强后肿瘤无或轻度延迟强化,血清CA125多升高,常合并腹水。2组肿瘤单独CT诊断准确率分别为90.48%（57/63）、80.39%（41/51）,联合血清CA125诊断准确率分别为93.65%（59/63）、86.27%（44/51）。结论：　根据肿瘤的CT特点并结合血清CA125结果,对女性盆腔内外突性肌瘤及卵巢性索间质肿瘤有较高的鉴别诊断效能。     

Implications of uterine NK cells and regulatory T cells in the endometrium of infertile women

A range of studies have shown that the complex process of implantation and an establishment of a pregnancy also involves immune factors. Disturbances in these underlying immune mechanisms might lead to implantation and pregnancy failure and may be involved in the pathogenesis of unexplained infertility. Several studies have reported that imbalances in uterine NK (uNK) cell abundance are associated with infertility; however, controversies exist. An increased amount of CD56⁺ uNK cells along with a decrease in CD16⁺ uNK cells have been associated with normal fertility in some studies. Very few studies of FoxP3⁺ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the pre-implantation endometrium have been performed. Results are sparse and controversial, studies reporting both increased and decreased numbers of Tregs, respectively, in women suffering from infertility. In conclusion, studies imply that uNK cells, Tregs and HLA-G carry pivotal roles regarding the establishment of a healthy pregnancy, and that abnormal immune mechanisms involving these parameters may be associated with infertility. However, more research in early phases of the reproductive cycle, such as investigating the conditions in the endometrium before implantation, is needed to further clarify the underlying mechanisms.     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗症状性子宫腺肌病中长期疗效

目的 通过症状控制及生活质量改善评估子宫动脉栓塞(UAE)治疗症状性子宫腺肌病(AD)的中长期疗效。方法 回顾性分析56例接受UAE治疗的症状性AD患者的临床及5年随访资料,以痛经和月经量过多作为评价症状控制的主要指标,观察UAE前及后1~5年患者痛经视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、月经量月经失血图(PBAC)评分、健康相关生活质量(HRQOL)评分、血清糖类抗原125(CA125)及子宫体积的变化;以Kaplan-Meier曲线法分析UAE治疗症状性AD及控制主要症状的有效率。结果 UAE后1~4年,痛经VAS评分、月经量PBAC评分、子宫体积、血清CA125及HRQOL评分均较术前有所改善(P均＜0.05);UAE后5年,痛经VAS评分及HRQOL评分与术前差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05)。UAE后1~5年,痛经有效控制率分别为92.86%、87.50%、80.36%、71.43%及55.36%,月经量过多有效控制率分别为98.21%、98.21%、94.64%、89.29%及76.79%。UAE对月经量过多的有效控制时间为(56.53±1.24)个月[95%CI(54.09,58.97)个月],对痛经的有效控制时间为(50.44±2.10)个月[95%CI(46.32,54.57)个月],差异有统计学意义(P=0.023)。结论 UAE治疗症状性AD的中长期疗效佳,且控制月经量过多优于痛经。     

Skin substitutes with noncultured autologous skin cell suspension heal porcine full-thickness wounds in a one-stage procedure

Clinical application of skin substitute is typically a two-stage procedure with application of skin substitute matrix to the wound followed by engraftment of a split-thickness skin graft (STSG). This two-stage procedure requires multiple interventions, increasing the time until the wound is epithelialised. In this study, the feasibility of a one-stage procedure by combining bioengineered collagen-chondroitin-6-sulfate (DS1) or decellularised fetal bovine skin substitute (DS2) with autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS) in a porcine full-thickness wound healing model was evaluated. Twelve full-thickness excisional wounds on the backs of pigs received one of six different treatments: empty; ASCS; DS1 with or without ASCS; DS2 with or without ASCS. The ASCS was prepared using a point-of-care device and was seeded onto the bottom side of DS1, DS2, and empty wounds at 80 000 cells/cm². Wound measurements and photographs were taken on days 0, 9, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 post-wounding. Histological analysis was performed on samples obtained on days 9, 14, 28, and 42. Wounds in the empty group or with ASCS alone showed increased wound contraction, fibrosis, and myofibroblast density compared with other treatment groups. The addition of ASCS to DS1 or DS2 resulted in a marked increase in re-epithelialisation of wounds at 14 days, from 15 ± 11% to 71 ± 20% (DS1 vs DS1 + ASCS) or 28 ± 14% to 77 ± 26 (DS2 vs DS2 + ASCS) despite different mechanisms of tissue regeneration employed by the DS used. These results suggest that this approach may be a viable one-stage treatment in clinical practice.     

肠造口的规范化实施及造口旁疝的预防策略

肠造口在肠道良恶性疾病治疗和创伤救治中发挥重要作用,其规范化实施是减少造口并发症、提高造口病人生活质量的关键。外科医师首先要建立肠造口是肠道与皮肤吻合口的概念,术前应由外科医师、造口治疗师、病人及家属共同选择造口部位。应采取个体化危险因素评估以决定是否行预防性造口。规范化操作包括：合理选择造口部位、腹部切口大小、腹壁通道宽度以及造口外置高度,良好缝合造口肠管与腹壁各层组织等。造口旁疝是最常见的造口远期并发症。女性、肥胖、糖尿病等是造口旁疝常见的危险因素,多项研究结果表明,腹膜外造口和预防性补片置入能降低造口旁疝发生率。     

头侧入路的内镜下全腹膜外疝修补术治疗原发性腹壁疝的临床研究

目的探讨治疗原发性腹壁疝的微创新方法——头侧入路的内镜下全腹膜外疝修补术（TEA）的临床效果。 方法回顾性分析2019年11月至2020年1月,南方医科大学附属何贤纪念医院患者2例,河南中医药大学第一附属医院患者1例,河南省商丘市睢县中医院患者2例,郑州市第七人民医院患者1例,共6例接受头侧入路的TEA手术的原发性脐疝患者的临床资料。阐述手术操作流程及技术细节,分析其可行性和有效性。 结果6例患者术中均成功分离中上腹腹膜外空间并置入大张网片加强修复脐疝缺损,手术均获得成功,无中转开放手术。平均手术时间164 min（120～240 min）。术后伤口疼痛较轻,且术后第1天平均疼痛视觉模拟评分2.2分（2～3分）。术后平均住院时间2.2 d（2～3 d）。术后1例出现脐部少量血清肿,观察后自愈,未影响手术效果。术后随访时间6～15周,未发现复发患者。 结论头侧入路的TEA术式是安全可行的,可作为治疗中线原发性腹壁疝的一个选择,同时也是对TEA术式的一个补充。此术式扩大了TEA技术的适应证,避免了腹腔内置片修补术的弊端,值得向经验丰富的腔镜疝外科医师有限度推广。